I figure that this would be one of the more discussed things from HoX. I am just putting a spoiler warning just a precaution this doesn't cover an actual plot HoX 1 but was part of the book so if you want experience HoX fresh like everyone else stop reading here. Also, people might discuss HoX 1 inside so again Spoilers
Omega Level
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Omega Level Mutant: A mutant whose dominant power is deemed to register -- or reach -- an undefinable upper limit of that power's specific classification.
For Example: Both Magneto and Forge are the most powerful mutants of their power types on the planet Earth [Magnetism and Technopathy, respectively], but what makes Magneto, and not Forge, an Omega level mutant is that the upper limit of Forge's measurable powers could hypothetically be surpassed [and, in fact, has by multiple humans on the planet], while the upper limit of Magneto's power cannot be surpassed by any measurable fashion.
Note: Omega level is a classification of a single mutant power. While it is quite common that mutants manifest multiple powers, only one is normally of Omega level.
For Example: While Jean Grey is both a telepath and a telekinetic, she is only an Omega level telepath.
OMEGA LEVEL MUTANTS [Known] :
Jamie Braddock (Monarch) - Quantum Reality Manipulation
Robert Drake (Iceman) - Negative Temperature Manipulation
Joshua Foley (Elixir) - Biokinesis
Jean Grey (Marvel Girl) - Telepathy
David Haller (Legion) - Power Manifestation
Erik Lensherr (Magneto) - Magnetism
Kevin MacTaggert (Proteus) - Psionic Reality Manipulation
Absalon Mercator (Mister M) - Matter Manipulation
Ororo Munroe (Storm) - Weather Manipulation
Bennet du Paris (Exodus) - Telekinesis
Quentin Quire (Kid Omega) - Telepathy
Franklin Richards (Powerhouse) - Universal Reality Manipulation
Gabriel Summers (Vulcan) - Energy Manipulation
Hope Summers (Hope) - Power Manipulation
Omega Protocol
These are all of the "known" Omega level mutants. It also gives their affiliation: all are with Krakoa except for Monarch (None), Legion (Unknown), Mister M (Unknown), Exodus (None), and Franklin Richards (HUMAN).
The Omega Protocol is then defined: "While it is believed that a greater dynamo is possible through collective means, it is a current priority for the mutant nation of Krakoa to protect and nurture its greatest natural resource: Omega level mutants.
All efforts are to be expended in order to secure the future of the state.
'One people. One tribe. One family.'"