In the marvel universe

We obviously know that mutants are portrayed as the other in the marvel universe, but what is it that really differentiates them from a mutate

Why is it that humans that gain powers are not as dehumanized by people in the MU as much as mutants. What is it about the x-gene that frightens people, is it mainly because they were born this way and mutates only developed their ability through external ways

Has this ever been talked about in comics. Why are people like Logan and Cyclops seen as other, but Spider-man and Hulk are not, on a practical level you wouldn't differentiate between all 4. You wouldn't know 2 are mutants and 2 are mutates.