Is Doctor Doom the most versatile supervillain in terms of story potential?

[Iron Maiden]

As far as being usable against a very wide range of adversaries, yes. Dr. Doom is versatile.

But there are a relatively narrow range of plots into which he can properly fit. Almost all of them revolve around a) tormenting Mr. Fantastic, or b) acquiring world-conquering power for himself. You just can't make him work for, say, running a drug syndicate, unless it somehow leads back to one of his two most common plots.

That is typical of a lot of villians....they only fit in certain a milieu; The Big Bad or the Reluctant Ally. Marvel started treating Doom differently right after his first solo appearance. And we've seen that change a lot more in the post SW 2015 world. Chris Cantwell's series is more than Doom just plotting something. His current solo is a combination character study/geo-political arc. The last issue was mostly him and Kang riffing off each other while hitchhiking across America.