Huh, wasn't aware, thought he just stopped showing up during Clone Saga, then randomly returned a few times until Grim Hunt made him become less of a douche.
Apparently he was supposed to return around ASM$434, since he showed up in shadows during it, and ASM#435, so either during Identity Crisis, or after it, but that was dropped.
Checking out the mini, and I already found the best line:
(Spider-Man: Redemption#1)
I'm checking out his appearances here, and while his return in ASM#608 and afterwards doesn't talk about him being in jail, the second volume of Web of Spider-Man#1 does show bits of his time there, that he let himself be arrested to try to have redemption, and while it ended by saying he'd show up from ASM#608 to #610, but he doesn't explain there, or in ASM, why he hates Peter/Ben again, so yeah, Redemption is mostly ignored, which sucks, would be nice if it lined up with his character development from Grim Hunt.
Also a funny plot hole, in Web#1 he somehow knows that Peter is the original:
https://i.imgur.com/eKbRnKF.jpg
But in ASM#610, he says that Peter is Ben's clone:
https://i.imgur.com/h3QFF5r.jpg
It's actually funny, since DeMateis is the one who wrote Redemption and Kaine's story in Web, and he missed this detail since Kaine shouldn't suddenly know that Ben was a clone (Since he thought Ben was the original back in Redemption), and that ASM arc is the correct one about this... But then again, since the Web story is only from his point of view, it'd be confusing for a reader to have Kaine saying that Peter was a clone, so this is one of those times a plot hole was a good thing lol.
But yeah, outside of that Web story, his time in jail is ignore, and he suddenly hated Peter/Ben again.