Originally Posted by
Rafa-Rivas-2099
You mostly got it right. However, temperament doesn't mean being moody. There are different classifications, but they often agree on 4 or 5 types of archetypal temperaments (think ninja turtles). People are usually born with a predominant one and one or two secondary ones. And given an archetype, a person can have mostly the flaws, the virtues or some point in the middle. People can change their temperament, but that's usually something that happens in adolescence due to biological factors. Personality (also genetic) is said to take over temperament. What a person can manage is habits, views.
When it comes to disorders, they can be dealt with, but they are always there. They might show up since childhood, but they are set in early adulthood.
What people can do, is break paradigms of behavior by training. Take animals as vague reference. If you take a dog to a trainer, he might get discipline and good habits, but the personality and the level of energy remains. Same with military training. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is one of the most serious and effective ways to deal with most of the personality problems. The big problem with some disorders like ASPD, NPD or HPD is that subjects usually don't see the use in changing, and they tend to cheat.
Now, the Penguin usually has many virtues associated with Extroverted, Task-Oriented temperament (choleric or "bossy"), such as charisma and diligence, but has the flaws in exaggerated proportions: his ego is all over the place and has virtually no empathy, to the point that he is also narcissistic (and sometimes portrayed as histrionic). However, we are talking about his portrayal in Gotham, where he is also task-oriented, but introverted (melancholic), and you were saying that he can switch to be more like the comics. No he can't. What he can do is become a bit more confident with experience and resources. People like that are more reactive than proactive. People like Burgess, DeVito or North's Penguin (or Eric Cartman) are 100% proactive. The Gotham version, has some natural drive, like a pilot, if you will, but his confidence depends on how people see him, what he knows he can do and the resources he has. This guy isn't narcissistic or histrionic, he is mostly a power-hungry "weasel" type. I can't tell, but he probably has some form of ASPD or something close to that.