The best villains often reflect a certain aspect of the hero or challenge them on a philosophical and thematic level. I was thinking about Wonder Woman's various rogues and how they challenge Diana, looking for commonalities and patterns, and I've found the majority of them can be broken down into four major themes.
1) Humanity/compassion vs. the rejection of both
I'd argue this is the biggest one and the most important to Diana.
Cheetah became a monster, and as much as her powers are a curse, she's incapable of giving them up.
Giganta is a selfish person who relies on brute force, looks out mostly for herself, and believes "might makes right."
Queen Clea is despotic and cruel, and given the opportunity, would jump at the chance to be a goddess.
Osira actually did fashion herself as a goddess in ancient times and presumes to know how best to run the world over others by taking away their free will.
Devastation and Genocide both revel in how monstrous and destructive they are.
This theme isn't limited to magic & the mythic either. Doctor Cyber shed her humanity to become machine.
Even Egg-Fu is, depending on origin, a bio-mechanical abomination that sees himself above humanity.
There's the Adjudicator, a cosmic being that presumes to judge humanity.
Of course, there's Ares, a literal god. He exploits the worst in humanity.
Finally, you got Circe who is also immortal and sees the worst in people, believing them to be animals.
If you stretch it, you could even make a case Dr. Poison and Eviless fall under this category to a certain extent.
But they all, in their own way, reflect and challenge Diana's own compassion and idealism, and her battles with them reinforce that, despite her fantastical origins, she is human and humane.
2) Feminine power vs. misogyny & toxic masculinity
Given this is Wonder Woman, this theme naturally should be obvious, beginning with Doctor Psycho, a depraved misogynist.
You have Heracles who is often presented in Wonder Woman as an embodiment of toxic masculinity.
And despite DC's efforts at making him Diana's benevolent father, Zeus is far more appropriate as an embodiment of abusive patriarchy.
But it's not just men. The various Silver Swans have been women who have had their insecurities exploited to turn them into weapons of war. The Swan is everything Wonder Woman stands against even before Vanessa gets turned into one.
And finally Veronica Cale, who represents the internalized misogyny of women who try to tear down other women.
3) Perversions of Amazon beliefs
A recurring challenge Diana encounters is characters who, in some way, represent Amazon beliefs skewed or betrayed or twisted.
There's Alkyone, who was obsessed with destroying Diana.
Astarte, who claims to be Hippolyta's lost sister, who formed her own, violent Amazon tribe in space.
And there's Gundra, a Valkyrie who, in the Golden Age, supported the Nazis. Modern interpretations vary, but she's usually used to contrasts the Amazons with the Valkyries.
4) Truth vs. deceit
Given Wonder Woman's trademark weapon is the Lasso of Truth, of course she has foes who rely on lies and deceit.
The Duke of Deception, naturally, who works his lies usually to create division and conflict to benefit Ares.
Zara uses her abilities to con people into joining her cult. Hypnota brainwashes people into slavery.
And the Queen of Fables warps reality into her stories.
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That's as far as I've gotten.
Of course there's overlap. I don't want to imply these are set-in-stone categories and characters can't address multiple themes at once. Queen Clea particularly despises men, so she can fit into the second category to an extent. Why does Giganta believe in brute force? Is it a response to misogyny? And Superwoman, appropriately as someone who is meant to be Diana's opposite, can fit into all four.
And you have rogues that don't necessarily fit into any particular theme, but can make for fun opponents like Angle-Man and Blue Snowman. Or maybe there is some strong theme to them?
Anyway...point is a sign of a strong rogues gallery is when they define the hero and what they represent. And when you have a strongly defined hero, you can aim the villains to oppose them in stronger ways instead of just throwing cardboard cut-outs at them to get punched.