HOUSTON — Coby Burren, 15, a freshman at a suburban high school south of here, was reading the textbook in his geography class last week when a map of the United States caught his attention. On Page 126, a caption in a section about immigration referred to Africans brought to American plantations between the 1500s and 1800s as “workers” rather than slaves.
He reached for his cellphone and sent a photograph of the caption to his mother, Roni Dean-Burren, along with a text message: “we was real hard workers, wasn’t we.”
The World Geography textbook was used by Coby, a student at Pearland High School in Pearland, Tex., a city of 100,000 about 20 miles south of downtown Houston. In a section of the book describing America as a nation of immigrants and called “Patterns of Immigration,” the text with a map of the United States reads: “The Atlantic Slave Trade between the 1500s and 1800s brought millions of workers from Africa to the southern United States to work on agricultural plantations.” The authors, on the page next to the map, wrote of “an influx of English and other European peoples, many of whom came as indentured servants to work for little or no pay,” but made no mention of how Africans came to the country.
In a memo sent to employees, David Levin, the president and chief executive of McGraw-Hill Education, issued an apology, calling the caption “a mistake” and saying the company was reviewing its internal procedures and increasing its list of textbook reviewers to reflect greater diversity.
“We are deeply sorry that the caption was written this way,” Mr. Levin wrote to employees. “While the book was reviewed by many people inside and outside the company, and was made available for public review, no one raised concerns about the caption. Yet, clearly, something went wrong, and we must and will do better.”
In an interview, Mr. Levin said the textbook, which spans more than 800 pages, does not sugarcoat the issue of slavery and includes more than a dozen references to the capture and enslavement of Africans. He said the caption was written in 2012 and had been posted, along with the rest of the book’s content, on a Texas website as part of the state textbook adoption process for almost a year. No objections to the caption were raised, he said.
There were more than 100,000 copies of the textbook in the hands of Texas school districts. Mr. Levin said the company was in touch with districts and was offering to replace the textbook, provide a sticker with the rewritten caption to cover up the old one or supply a lesson plan free of charge to teachers on cultural sensitivity “to create an opportunity for a richer dialogue.”