I'm not sure what the power numbers are at the end of DragonBall and the start of Z but I know that it's a five year jump. Five years of training for Goku and/or Piccolo would result in a big boost in power. So I wouldn't use feats in Z (moon buster) for their younger versions. What's Goku's most powerful energy blast at the time the OP stated? I don't remember anything close to moon busting before Dragonball Z. There's also the Orbs of Truth which could negate ninjutsu (again if we can treat Ki like chakra)
Again, the only reason was Naruto was able to sense Madara's shadows was due to the Senju power he got from the Sage of Six Paths (Sasuke can actually see them with his Rinnegan). Naruto has to be in Sage Toad Mode in order to gain heightened chakra sensory abilities. He has to be in Nine Tails cloak mode to pick up on negative emotions. He wasn't using any of those abilities when he was fighting the shadows. You need the power of the Sage of Six Paths in order to sense/detect them.Goku himself is able to sense ki on a global scale, which kinda puts him hilariously beyond anyone in Naruto except maaaaaybe Naruto himself, though I don't think that any chakra sensor other than Naruto was actually in the vicinity when Madara was using the shadows, and he was able to sense their existence and position just fine. Heck, sensing evil intention is one of the things that makes Naruto's chakra sensing super special awesome, and its something that Goku also has the ability to do. And he's only one to two arcs shy of learning how to become a more powerful telepath (though with no known offensive feats with it) than any of the Yamanakas as well.