I'm not sure which emperor of the Ming dynasty turned inward philosophically and tangibly. He stopped all exploration due to palace politics and in family fighting. The repercussions were an inward turn philosophically and spiritually. China basically quit the rest of the world and started navel gazing. Historically speaking on a dime. And with 500 BPs, even with Bast weeding out the chaff, I can't see a little nihilism or libertine behavior being totally exempt from rearing its head somewhere.